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A person who has gone beyond woke, and is comfortable being offensive
- imbecile3
Memorial Day, as a national holiday in the United States, was officially recognized in 1868, three years after the Civil War ended. It was initiated by the Grand Army of the Republic (an organization of Union veterans) to honor Union soldiers who died during the Civil War. It was initially known as Decoration Day, a day to decorate the graves of fallen soldiers with flowers.
However, there is a particular event that predates the official recognition of Memorial Day and it involves a group of freed slaves in Charleston, South Carolina. On May 1, 1865, not long after the end of the Civil War, a group of freed slaves, along with white missionaries and teachers, held a parade of about 10,000 people to honor Union soldiers who had died in a Confederate prison camp in Charleston. During the war, the site had been a racetrack, and the Union prisoners were buried in a mass grave near the track. The freed slaves exhumed the bodies and gave each soldier a proper burial. They then held a parade to honor the soldiers, decorating their graves with flowers.
This event was one of the first-known instances of African Americans paying tribute to fallen Union soldiers, and it has been linked to the later creation of Memorial Day. However, it's important to note that Memorial Day as a national holiday had multiple origins in various towns and communities who honored their Civil War dead in different ways.
The 1865 event in Charleston has gained attention in recent years as a significant, but often overlooked, moment in the history of Memorial Day. Yet, it's just one piece of the larger story of how Memorial Day came to be and how it was celebrated in its early years. It's also a powerful reminder of the ways African Americans have contributed to the rituals and traditions of remembrance in the United States.
- imbecile3
Redlining is a discriminatory housing policy that began in the 1930s under the New Deal, during the administration of President Franklin D. Roosevelt. At the time, the federal government was trying to address the housing crisis of the Great Depression by introducing new ways to provide affordable housing and make home ownership accessible to a greater number of Americans.
The term "redlining" comes from the color-coded maps created by the Home Owners' Loan Corporation (HOLC), a New Deal agency. On these maps, neighborhoods were graded and color-coded based on their "desirability" for investment. The lowest grade — D, colored red — was often assigned to neighborhoods that were predominantly African American or immigrant communities. These areas were deemed "hazardous" for investment, leading to a severe curtailment of home loans and insurance availability in these neighborhoods, regardless of the residents' individual qualifications or circumstances.
In the years that followed, the practice of redlining was adopted by private banks and other lending institutions, often with the backing of the Federal Housing Administration (FHA). The FHA's underwriting manual even recommended against insuring loans in racially mixed neighborhoods to prevent supposed "inharmonious racial groups."
This systemic discrimination led to a number of devastating effects for communities of color:
Limited Home Ownership: Because it was nearly impossible to get a mortgage in a redlined area, many people in these communities were forced to rent rather than buy homes.
Disinvestment and Decline: Without access to loans for home repairs or business investment, redlined neighborhoods often suffered from neglect and disinvestment, leading to a decline in property values.
Housing Segregation: Redlining, combined with other discriminatory practices like racial covenants (legal clauses in property deeds restricting the sale of property to certain racial groups), contributed to the racial segregation of cities, a legacy that persists to this day.
Wealth Disparity: Because home ownership is a key source of wealth creation in America, redlining has played a significant role in creating the racial wealth gap, which continues to widen.
Redlining was officially outlawed by the Fair Housing Act of 1968, part of the Civil Rights Act, which prohibits discrimination in the sale, rental, and financing of dwellings based on race, color, national origin, religion, sex, familial status, or disability. However, the long-term effects of redlining are still felt today, as many neighborhoods remain racially segregated, and significant disparities in wealth, education, and employment persist. Additionally, there are ongoing concerns about contemporary practices that perpetuate housing discrimination, such as discriminatory lending practices and the siting of affordable housing.
- palimpsest4
The Passaic Textile Strike of 1930 was a significant event in American labor history that unfolded in Passaic, New Jersey. It was one of the largest strikes in the textile industry during the Great Depression era. The strike was triggered by the harsh working conditions and low wages faced by textile workers, many of whom were immigrants and women. Led by the Passaic Textile Workers Union, thousands of workers participated in the strike, marching through the streets and demanding better treatment and improved working conditions.
The strike gained national attention and support, drawing sympathy from labor activists, intellectuals, and even some politicians. The workers faced strong resistance from the mill owners, who sought to suppress the strike and maintain their control over the industry. The strike lasted for several months and involved numerous clashes between the striking workers, strikebreakers, and law enforcement. Although the strike did not achieve all of its immediate goals, it brought attention to the plight of industrial workers and contributed to the broader labor movement, leading to improved labor rights and reforms in the years that followed. The Passaic Textile Strike of 1930 serves as a reminder of the struggles faced by workers during a time of economic hardship and the resilience of those who fought for better working conditions and fair treatment.
- sted3
- sted1
- sted1
- Ramanisky20
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